System DesignLearning Roadmap

Vertical vs horizontal scaling, auto-scaling strategies

Fault tolerance, redundancy, disaster recovery

Optimization techniques, performance monitoring

Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance trade-offs

Geographic distribution, global availability

Relational design, normalization, schema design

When to use different database types

B-trees, hash indexes, query optimization

Query execution, join optimization, N+1 problem

Master-slave, master-master, sync vs async

Horizontal partitioning strategies

Strong, eventual, causal, session consistency

ACID properties, 2PC, Saga pattern

Zero-downtime migration, data synchronization

Object storage, file systems, blob storage patterns

Write-ahead logging, log-structured storage

Connection pooling, proxy patterns, sizing

Cache-aside, write-through, write-back patterns

TTL, cache coherence, invalidation strategies

Content delivery networks, edge computing

Redis, Memcached, consistent hashing

Round-robin, weighted, least connections

DNS, geographic, anycast routing

Traffic shaping, backpressure handling

Request routing, authentication, rate limiting

Token bucket, leaky bucket, sliding window

RESTful design, versioning, pagination

Idempotency, batch operations, secure design

GraphQL, gRPC, HTTP/2, HTTP/3

RabbitMQ, Amazon SQS, reliability patterns

Apache Kafka, event sourcing, CQRS

WebSockets, Server-Sent Events, long polling

Push notifications, presence detection

Async/await, competing consumers, backpressure

Service decomposition, bounded contexts

Service registration, health checks, load balancing

Sidecar proxy, Istio, traffic management

Circuit breaker, bulkhead, retry mechanisms

Strangler fig, feature toggles

Actor model, state machines, event-driven

Docker basics, containerization concepts

Kubernetes, service management

Blue-green, canary, rolling deployments

JWT, OAuth 2.0, session management

RBAC, ABAC, permission inheritance

XSS, CSRF, SQL injection prevention

Hashing, encryption, mTLS

TOTP, SMS, biometric authentication

GDPR compliance, data protection

Lock implementations, Redlock algorithm

Pessimistic vs optimistic locking

Lock-free data structures, thread pools

Resolving conflicts in distributed systems

Full-text search, indexing, relevance scoring

Faceted search, personalized search

Trie data structures, caching, performance

Collaborative filtering, content-based, hybrid

PageRank, machine learning ranking

Metrics, logging, alerting strategies

Request tracing, correlation IDs, debugging

Centralized logging, ELK stack, log analysis

Service health monitoring, dependency checks

Video architecture, adaptive bitrate streaming

Real-time video, live updates

Transcoding pipelines, media workflows

ETL, ELT, data pipeline design

Real-time data processing, Apache Storm/Flink

MapReduce, batch job scheduling

Real-time analytics, A/B testing infrastructure

Job queues, task scheduling systems

Workflow orchestration, order processing

Deduplication strategies, idempotency

Feed generation, ranking, delivery

Friend graphs, relationship modeling

Content filtering, moderation systems

Cart design, session management

Inventory tracking, stock management

Payment gateway integration, transactions

Raft, Paxos, Zab, leader election

Time-series databases, compression, retention

FaaS, Lambda, serverless patterns

Multi-tenant architecture patterns

ML systems, model serving